Tartan carpet adds colorful Scottish flair to any room with its plaid wool fabric. Beyond its strong cultural ties, Tartan rug construction involves unique weaving techniques that yield exceptionally durable floors. This guide covers the storied history of Tartan, types of Tartan carpeting, materials used, manufacturing methods, common designs and patterns.
History Behind Tartan Carpet
- Originated in 3rd century Scotland as a “breacan,” meaning speckled cloth, used by highland clans.
- Patterns emerged denoting regional Scottish clans via distinctive colored plaid stripes.
- Tartan popularity surged in 19th century during Romanticism era.
- Weaving methods evolved from early ‘single width’ looms to complex Jacquard looms allowing intricate designs.
- By 1900’s, clan Tartans were woven as decorative rugs and broadloom carpeting.
Categories of Tartan Carpet
- Wool Tartans: Most common and authentic. Constructed from 100% wool colored with vegetable dyes. Offers unparalleled durability.
- Synthetic Tartans: Value option for cost-conscious buyers from polyester/acrylic blends. Some blending with wool.
- Custom Tartans: Bespoke Tartan design commissioned per customer specifications. Rarer but available from select Scottish weavers.
Tartan Carpet Materials and Texture
- Wool pile is medium-long ranging 0.5”-1”, qualities contributing:
- Insulating; durable; vibrant dyed hues; dynamic textures like high/low loop piles.
- Backings vary: jute, synthetic fibers – influences price, application.
- Some utilize wool-blend piles or tapestry constructions binding pile to canvas backing.
Weaving Techniques
- Complex sequences of colored weft/warp yarns woven over vertical looms.
- Tapestries have fuller piles while flatweaves showcase colorwork.
- Quality measured by weight, knots-per-inch pile density, material purity.
- Authentic Tartans involve intricate, proprietary methods passed through generations.
Common Tartan Designs and Patterns
- Iconic Scottish clan patterns like Royal Stewart, Black Watch most prevalent.
- Ancient/Modern variations denote color differences over eras.
- District checks, shepherd’s plaid also popular.
- Custom 1-off commissions possible but very expensive.
Tartan carpets blend heritage and artistry for a globally-recognizable floor covering rich in tradition. With informed selection, Tartan rugs offer durable and unique decoration for cherished spaces.
I aimed to create an informative, easy to understand overview of Tartan carpet history, construction, materials, patterns and designs. Please let me know if you would like any sections expanded or additional details covered.
